By Ify Mgbemena
The bush mango, scientifically known as “Irvingia gabonensis”, is a remarkable fruit native to the tropical forests of West and Central Africa, including Nigeria. Known locally as “ogbono,” the bush mango is celebrated for its unique taste, nutritional benefits, and medicinal properties. However, this important fruit is facing the threat of extinction due to a combination of environmental and human factors specific to Nigeria.
The bush mango is a fruit that grows on the Irvingia tree, which can reach up to 40 meters in height. Its greenish-yellow skin encases a fibrous, juicy pulp and a large, nutty seed.
Why the Bush Mango is Going Extinct in Nigeria
1. Deforestation: Large-scale deforestation for agriculture and logging is destroying the natural habitat of the bush mango tree in Nigeria, reducing its population and the area where it can grow.
2. Overharvesting: The increasing demand for bush mango seeds, known as “ogbono” seeds in Nigeria, has led to overharvesting. This unsustainable practice prevents the natural regeneration of the trees.
3. Climate Change: Changes in climate patterns are affecting the growth and fruiting cycles of the bush mango trees in Nigeria, making it harder for them to thrive.
Fun Facts About the Bush Mango:
1: Interestingly, the bush mango tree can live for over 100 years, producing fruit annually once it reaches maturity. This long lifespan makes it a potentially sustainable resource if managed properly.
2: Did you know that the bush mango seeds are what we call ogbono today in Nigeria? Yes, the same Ogbono soup you know .
3:The bush mango is rich in essential nutrients, including vitamins A and C, which are vital for maintaining healthy vision and boosting the immune system. It also contains dietary fiber, which aids in digestion.
4:Traditionally, the seeds of the bush mango have been used in Nigerian medicine to treat various ailments, including diarrhea, diabetes, and obesity. Modern research suggests that extracts from the seeds may help in weight management and improving metabolic health.
5:In many rural communities in Nigeria, the bush mango is an important source of income. The seeds are sold in local and international markets, providing financial support to many families.
6: The bark and leaves of the bush mango tree are also utilized for medicinal purposes. The bark is used to treat wounds and gastrointestinal issues, while the leaves can be used in herbal teas.
7: The seeds of the bush mango are rich in healthy fats, which can help lower bad cholesterol levels and promote heart health.
8: However, In many Nigerian cultures, the bush mango is considered a symbol of fertility and prosperity. It is often used in rituals and ceremonies.
9:The bush mango tree plays a crucial role in its ecosystem, providing food and habitat for various wildlife species. It also helps in soil conservation and maintaining biodiversity.
10:Interestingly, efforts are being made to conserve the bush mango in Nigeria through sustainable harvesting practices, reforestation projects, and raising awareness about its ecological and economic importance.
The bush mango is a fascinating fruit with a rich history and significant potential. Protecting it from extinction is crucial not only for preserving biodiversity but also for sustaining the livelihoods of many communities in Nigeria.